Famous Mothers and Daughters in History

Biography of Charles Babbage Father of the Computer

Charles Babbage (December 26, 1791–October 18, 1871) is known as the Father of the Computer thanks to his work developing prototypes for the first mechanical and programmable computing machines. Fast Facts: Charles Babbage Full Name: Charles BabbageNickname: Father of Computing  Born: December 26, 1791 in Surrey, EnglandParents Names: Benjamin and Elizabeth Pumleigh Teape BabbageDied: October 18, 1871 in London, EnglandEducation: Cambridge UniversityKey Accomplishments: Produced working prototypes of machines that computed and printed mathematical tables.Spouse: Georgiana WhitmoreChildren: 8, 3 of whom survived to adulthood (Dugald, Benjamin, and Henry)Famous Quote: No person will deny that the highest degree of attainable accuracy is an object to be desired, and it is generally found that the last advances towards precision require a greater devotion of time, labour, and expense, than those which precede them. He was a prolific writer, with a wide number of interests including mathematics, engineering, economics, politics, and technology. Among Babbages many inventions were the modern postal system in England, as well as speedometers, and cowcatchers for locomotive engines. But his best-known inventions were undoubtedly his computing machines. Early Years   Charles Babbage was born on December 26, 1791, in Surrey, the eldest of four children born to London banker Benjamin and Elizabeth Pumleigh Teape Babbage. Only he and his sister Mary Ann survived early childhood. The Babbages were a fairly well-to-do family, and as the only surviving son, Charles was sent to the best schools, including Exeter, Enfield, Totnes, and Oxford before finally entering Trinity College at Cambridge in 1810. At Trinity, Babbage read mathematics, and in 1812 he joined Peterhouse at Cambridge University, where he was the top mathematician. While at Peterhouse, he co-founded the Analytical Society, a more-or-less mock scientific society that nevertheless had a membership of some of the best-known young scientists in England. Babbage graduated from Peterhouse in 1814. Babbage married Georgiana Whitmore in Teignmouth on July 2, 1814. His father wanted him to wait until he had enough money to support himself, but still promised his son  £300 per year for life. The younger Babbages eventually had eight children, only three of whom lived to adulthood. After his graduation, Babbage became a lecturer on astronomy at the Royal Institute. He was then elected to a fellowship of the Royal Society in 1816. Inventing The Difference Engine In the early 19th century, navigation, astronomical, and actuarial tables were vital pieces of the burgeoning industrial age. In navigation, they were used to calculate time, tides, currents, winds, positions of the sun and moon, coastlines, and latitudes. The tables were laboriously constructed by hand at the time: inaccurate tables led to disastrous delays and even loss of ships. Charles Babbages Difference Engine No 1, prototype calculating machine, 1824–1832, assembled in 1832 by Joseph Clement, a skilled toolmaker and draftsman.   Ann Ronan Pictures / Print Collector / Getty Images Babbage began creating a machine to produce those tables mechanically in 1819. By 1823, he described it as a machine which would tabulate calculations for up to 20 decimal places. It was called the Difference Engine, after the principle of finite differences. That principle is a mathematical method of resolving polynomial expressions by addition,  and thus resolvable by simple machinery. In 1827, Babbages wife and father died, as well as two of his children. From his fathers estate, he inherited  £100,000. To a large degree, that inheritance made it possible for Babbage to dedicate his life to his machines.   Government Support Babbage had seen the Jacquard loom, a weaving machine built in 1801, which was cranked by hand and driven by instructions delivered by punch cards. He wanted to build an infallible steam-driven or hand-cranked calculating machine that would calculate and print tables. After the prototype for the Difference Engine was constructed in 1823, Babbages project was funded by an enthusiastic British government.   Babbage himself built several prototypes of the Difference Engine, but despite these partial successes, the British government ceased funding the project in 1832, after a decade without a working model. The project was officially ended in 1842.   Later, the Swedish printer Per Georg Scheutz (1785–1873) successfully constructed a marketable machine based on Babbages work, known as the Scheutzian calculation engine. While imperfect and about the size of a grand piano, the engine was demonstrated in Paris in 1855, and versions were sold to the U.S. and British governments.   Analytical Engine   By 1834, Babbage had ceased work on the Difference Engine and began to plan for a larger and more comprehensive machine: the Analytical Engine. Babbages new machine was an enormous step forward. It would be built to calculate more than one mathematical task: in other words, it would be what we call today programmable.   Non Functional Model of Charles Babbages Analytical Engine, built for Babbage about 1870. Getty Images / De Agostini Picture Library Babbage proposed that his new machine would be fed by Jacquard-type punch cards, read by mechanical feelers. It incorporated memory storage and anticipated modern computer techniques such as condition transfer so that intermediate calculations would automatically direct the machine to modify its own program.   Babbage continued to devote most of his time and fortune to the construction of the Analytical Engine, but he never got any of his various versions to work.  Engineering technology of the time simply did not exist for the precision required by his machine and its printer.   Meeting Ada Lovelace   Babbage met Ada Byron (1815–1852), the daughter of the poet Lord Byron and later Countess of Lovelace, on June 5, 1833. She was 17 years old. Ada and her mother attended one of Babbages lectures, and after some correspondence, Babbage invited them to see a small scale version of the Difference Engine. Ada was fascinated, and she requested and received copies of the blueprints of the Difference Engine. She and her mother visited factories to see other machines at work.   Ada Lovelace is credited as the worlds first programmer for the help she gave computer pioneer Charles Babbage, painted circa 1840. Donaldson Collections/Getty Images Ada Lovelace read widely and studied with two of the best mathematicians of her day: Augustus De Morgan and Mary Somerville. After she translated Luigi Menabrea’s Notions sur la Machine Analytique de M. Charles Babbage, she sent Babbage a copy. He responded that she could have written the article herself, and Lovelace embarked upon additional work on the translation, adding detailed appendices and footnotes to the content. This document essentially described how to program the Difference Engine, making Ada Byron Lovelace the worlds first programmer.   Legacy and Death Babbage died at home in London on October 18, 1871. His son Henry continued Babbages work, but like his father, Henry was unable to build a completely functioning machine. Another of his sons, Benjamin, emigrated to South Australia, where many of Babbages papers and pieces of the prototypes were discovered in 2015.   A modern, functional version of Babbages Difference Engine was successfully built in 1991 by Doron Swade, Curator at Londons Science Museum. It is accurate to 31 digits, has 4,000 parts, and weighs over three metric tons. The printer, completed in 2000, had another 4,000 parts and weighed 2.5 metric tons. Swade is part of Plan 28, an attempt to build a working Analytical Engine.   Charles Babbage was one of the most influential figures in the development of technology. His machines served as the intellectual predecessor to a wide range of industrial and computing techniques. In addition, he is considered a significant figure in 19th century English society. He published six monographs and at least 86 papers, and he gave lectures on topics ranging from cryptography and statistics to the interaction between scientific theory and industrial practices. He was a major influence on economists, including John Stuart Mill to Karl Marx. Sources Babbage, Charles. Passages from the Life of a Philosopher. The Works of Charles Babbage. Ed. Campbell-Kelly, Martin. Vol. 11. London: William Pickering, 1864. Print.Bromley, A. G. Charles Babbages Analytical Engine, 1838. Annals of the History of Computing 4.3 (1982): 196–217. Print.Cook, Simon. Minds, Machines and Economic Agents: Cambridge Receptions of Boole and Babbage. Studies in History and Philosophy of Science Part A 36.2 (2005): 331–50. Print.Crowley, Mary L. The Difference in Babbages Difference Engine. The Mathematics Teacher 78.5 (1985): 366–54. Print.Franksen, Ole Immanuel. Babbage and Cryptography. Or, the Mystery of Admiral Beauforts Cipher. Mathematics and Computers in Simulation 35.4 (1993): 327–67. Print.Hollings, Christopher, Ursula Martin, and Adrian Rice. The Early Mathematical Education of Ada Lovelace. BSHM Bulletin: Journal of the British Society for the History of Mathematics 32.3 (2017): 221–34. Print.Hyman, Anthony. Charle s Babbage, Pioneer of the Computer. Princeton: Princeton University Press, 1982. Print.Kuskey, Jessica. Math and the Mechanical Mind: Charles Babbage, Charles Dickens, and Mental Labor in Little Dorrit. Dickens Studies Annual 45 (2014): 247–74. Print.Lindgren, Michael. Glory and Failure:  The Difference Engines of Johann Mà ¼ller, Charles Babbage, and Georg and Edvard Scheutz. Trans. McKay, Craig G. Cambridge, Massachusetts: MIT Press, 1990. Print.

The Existence Of A Patriarchal Society - 1049 Words

Debrah Abraham Professor Doucet English 1 October 30, 2015 Word Count: The Existence of a Patriarchal Society Throughout history, men have continued to hold the position of power and authority in society. Generally, men disregarded what women had to say and believed that women were incapable of making decisions on their own. Rather than creating a society, which established equal and fair power, the men wanted to control everyone including women. Some men even abused and manipulated women in order to get the power they desired. Men held more dominant positions in society and therefore had a higher social ranking. Men were granted the jobs that involved having a large amount of power as well as making influential decisions. Men were the leaders of society while women were forced to abide by the rules. If women were to resist or oppose the demands of men, they would likely face harsh punishments. Some men discouraged movements that supported women’s freedom and their right to lead an independent life. Men wanted to keep a society that would allow t hem to maintain their power and authority over women. Some women believed that men were granted undeserved privileges solely due to their gender. Although many individuals may argue that the male dominant society only existed in certain cultures, it is evident that such authority and ideas spread throughout the world. Till today, society tends to give the males more authority and power than the females. Many individuals stillShow MoreRelatedWhen A Woman Is In Love, She Unconsciously Loses Herself1413 Words   |  6 Pagesinvisibility. Her worth and identity is hidden behind the shadow of her lover. She is no longer known as her own individual, rather she takes on her partner’s possessive title. He becomes her name; her sense of existence. This has always been the norm of romantic love in patriarchal society. 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Research Task for Childcare Free Essays

Unit 4 – Keeping Children Safe Hand in Date – 21st May 2012Â   Explain how strategies to establish and maintain healthy, safe and secure environments in early years settings are supported by legislations. E1. Identify legislation which influences healthy, safe and secure environments for early years settings. We will write a custom essay sample on Research Task for Childcare or any similar topic only for you Order Now List 10 of the main laws that underpin the provision of healthy, safe and secure environments for young children. Give the full title and date. D1. Explain how legislation can support strategies to establish and maintain healthy, safe and secure environments in early years settings. Write about how relevant laws support ways to keep the environment of settings healthy, safe and secure. At least 3 ways which may include: having policies and procedures, regulatory body inspections, staff ratios, CRB checks, working with parents and other professionals, training, resources. ————————————————- Task 2 Describe the environment and procedures necessary to keep children safe who: * Receives a bump on the head Has an asthma attack * Has sickness and diarrhoea * Shows symptoms and signs of meningitis E2. Describe the procedures which will keep a child safe for each accident, illness or emergency. For each accident, illness or emergency listed in the assignment task, describe the procedures that will keep the child safe. State the main aims of the procedures, e. g. asthma attack – Administration of medicines procedure will clearly set out what the practitioner should do. D2. Explain how establishing a safe environment can support the procedures necessary for accidents, illnesses and emergencies. Associated essay: Childcare Level 2, Unit 2 Assignment Write about how creating an environment in the setting which is safe will help appropriate procedures for accidents, illnesses and emergencies to be written, implemented and understood by everyone in the setting. Produce a booklet covering all these accidents and emergencies. ————————————————- Task 3 Plan the care for a child aged 1 year and a child aged 3 years for a full day in the setting AND: * Consider ways to maintain the security and privacy of the children and to respect their wishes. E3. Plan the appropriate care of a child aged 1 for a full day in the setting. Provide a care plan that shows understanding of how to meet the overall care and development needs of a child aged 1 year for a full day in the setting. E4. Plan the appropriate care of a child aged 3 years for a full day in the setting. Provide a care plan that shows understanding of how to meet the overall care and development needs of a child aged 3 years for a full day in the setting. B1. Consider possible ways to maintain the safety and privacy of children and respect their wishes. Think about and give information about how the practitioner can maintain safety, privacy and respect for children’s wishes. Give 4 examples which could include: following policies/procedures, understanding children’s rights, consulting children, sensitive understanding, confidentiality, working with parents, multi-agency team working. Must include a reference. ————————————————- Task 4 Write a handout for a staff meeting to consider how the practitioner can provide an enabling physical environment for children. The handout should include: * The issues that affect the planning of a challenging environment for children. * An evaluation of TWO initiatives that influence the provision of challenging environments for children. The importance of helping children to manage risk and challenge in their environment. E5. Describe the issues that affect planning of a challenging environment for children. Write about what affects the planning of a challenging environment for children. Give 5 issues whi ch may include: policies/procedures, children’s rights, type of setting, resources, health and safety, supervision, age/stage/abilities of children, consulting children. E7. Explain the importance of helping children to manage risk and challenge in their environment. Give reasons why it is important for children to be helped to learn to assess and manage risk and challenge. Reasons could include: why children need adult help, the benefits of risk and challenge – develop life skills, understand consequences of actions, explore limits in a controlled environment, learn to take responsibility/ balance their rights against those of others, make choices/decisions, effects on holistic development. E6. Describe the initiatives which influence the provision of challenging environments for children. Write about an international, national and local initiatives/schemes that influence the provision of challenging environments for children, e. g. Forest Schools, children’s play initiatives, local play policies. C1. Evaluate how the TWO initiatives contribute to the provision of an enabling environment for children. A development of E6. Consider how TWO (2) of the initiatives described in E6 help to ensure the environment for the children supports their development through appropriate experiences and empowerment. ————————————————- Task 5 Include in the handout an explanation of the ways that meeting the care needs of children can affect practitioners and possible sources of support for practitioners. A1. Discuss the effect on practitioners of meeting the care needs of children. 5 detailed considerations of how and why practitioners may be affected when meeting the care needs of children and the range of support available. Effects must be positive and negative. Task 4 and 5 will be in form of a handout. Remember throughout to include: E8. Show an understanding of diversity and inclusive practice. This criterion will be met if throughout you show understanding of the importance of identifying and meeting the individual needs and rights of children and their families. AND E9. Include references and a bibliography. At least TWO (2) references must be made in the text to relevant books, articles, magazines or websites. These are sources of information and the sources used should be listed at the end of the assignment in a bibliography. Sources of background reading can also be included in the bibliography. YOUR COMPLETED WORK SHOULD NOT EXCEED 3500 WORDS. THERE IS NO LOWER WORD LIMIT. WORK THAT IS MORE THAN 10% ABOVE THE WORD LIMIT WILL NOT BE MARKED. REFERENCES AND QUOTATIONS WITHIN THE TEXT ARE NOT INCLUDED IN THE WORD LIMIT. How to cite Research Task for Childcare, Essays

Project-Based Organizing and Global Strategic Management

Question: Describe about the Project-Based Organizing and Global Strategic Management? Answer: 1: Duties and responsibilities of the assistance manager in the restaurant The manager supervises the efficient working of the department and assigned the shift to the staff. He arranges the pre meal meeting and rectifies the all services of the staff. He arranges the training program and prepares the accounts of the effective utilization of the inventory. He has the responsible the monitor, manages the guest complaint, and make sure that guest should be satisfy with the service of the staff. The most duties of manager are that to receive the feedback from the customers. It ensures that to increase the food quality and maintain the standard of the food . 2: Two tasks related to goal and objective of the learning Management - the learning is that how to manage the staff and maintain the relationship with the employees. Environment as a manager has to create a good environment in the restaurant to motivate the staff to increase the work efficiency(Singh, 2013). 3: The most rewarding in this aspect is that incentive on the performance. In restaurant, the operation is going day-to-day activity so motivates the staff provides the incentive; cash reward, play games, hale quiz competition, and prove award. The employees of the restaurant must be well trained and educated of the menu item to answer the question of the customers. The work culture is different from the others because of the customers are from different language and the countries (Mullins and Dossor, 2013). 4: Yes, the objective of the learning status met the goal. It is because in the restaurant you will get knowledge about the manager and get experience to how to manage the people. 5: The strength of the assistance manager Stress management - The managers manage the whole restaurant and also manage the conflict of the employees, manage the cash flow of the restaurant and maintain the inventory of the restaurant. Multi tasking the manager acts differently and manage lots of work like answer the question over phone, managing the staff as well as provide the training, and solving the complain of the customers(LegoheÃÅ' rel, Fyall, 2013). Weakness of the manager Commitments - sometimes the manager commit lots of thing to their employees and he is not able to fulfill. Ability to listen the manager did not listen to their employees related to his question or problems. 6: The tentative career goal of the assistance manager in the same year down the line he wanted be open own restaurant and become entrepreneur of the restaurant. The goal is that working in the same field i.e. in restaurant so you know the process of the restaurant handling. The experience will help you to reach the goal in same field(Henry, 2011). 7: The major in academic is hospitality management. The learning in the hospitality management is that how to manage the employees in the restaurant, in academic we get knowledge only theoretical. The knowledge of the classroom applied in the industries. 8: The deficiencies n the academic program is that we gent only theory part. We did not get the real experience. We have to learn some specialization the core area like hospitality management. The training must be come from the real experience like working the restaurant or some other industries. 9: Leadership qualities Grand vision as a leader you have to inspire and motivate the member of the team. Be competent the work is inspiring other people and follow your work and trust your judgment. Take care of your people you have to look at your employees work and the discipline. The manager has to give the autonomy as much as possible to your people. You have to say clearly, whatever you want to say and be confident. You should have very high expectation from your employees or team members. You have to lead the team by giving an example and should be hardest worker in your team. The manager has to allow your member to tell him that you are wrong. 10: The anticipated The learning is that the experience is different from the academic and real work. The learning is that how to manage the people. How to handle the pressure. How to motivate the employees. How to handle the problem of the customer as well as staff. How to keep the record of the employees. How to set a goal in the future. How you manage the company or a restaurant. How you will become a good leader. Through internship I learn to how to work in the industries(Frynas and Mellahi, 2011) References List Cattani, G. (2011). Project-based organizing and strategic management. Bingley, U.K.: Emerald. Frynas, J. and Mellahi, K. (2011). Global strategic management. Oxford: Oxford University Press. Henry, A. (2011). Understanding strategic management. Oxford: Oxford University Press. Legohe rel, P., Poutier, E. and Fyall, A. (2013). Revenue management for hospitality and tourism. Woodeaton, Oxford: Goodfellow. Mullins, L. and Dossor, P. (2013). Hospitality management and organisational behaviour. Harlow: Pearson. Singh, S. (2013). Hospitality management. New Delhi: Random Publications.

Business Innovation and Entrepreneurship †Free Samples to Students

Question: Discuss about the Business Innovation and Entrepreneurship. Answer: Introduction: Pizzeria Street is a tasty family oriented pizza business that specializes in pizza, pasta and frozen yoghurt. Pizzeria Street is a quick pizza service restaurant that aims to offer its customers with superior quality customer service and distinctive quality of Italian pizza experience. The business will be located in Auckland and the owners of the business will be offering its customer with unique customers with delectable pizza, pasta, sandwiches, appetizers and desserts in an inviting environment conductive to extended or simple family place for meal out (Drucker, 2014). The owners of the business is sure that to make the business successful they aim to provide a superior dine in facilities for their families that looks for wholesome food paired with fun. The menu of the pizza store would additionally feature the favourite range of food such as pepperoni, cheese along with the special pizza which will provide the customers with experience like no other in the city. The fundamental mission of the owners of business is to make Pizzeria Street a favourite destination for every forms of customer. The owners aim to make the business as the ultimate pizza destination in the city of Auckland. In compliance to the mission is the belief, which the successful business should be involved in all the areas of the community where they operate (Kirzner, 2015). The company mission is to be engaged with the supporting supportive community of its customers in myriad ways. The mission of the company is to provide service environment and service delivery of pizza in each part of the city to either meet or exceed the experience of the customers. The mission of the company is to become the first choice pizza in the city and simultaneously a respected pizza stores as the measured by the customers, employees, shareholders and the community in which the store will be located (Kuratko, 2016). The goal of the company is to establish a market presence that is necessary to attract the customers and go past the goals of sales. The owners goal is to make Pizzeria Store a favourite pizza place among the customers in the city of Auckland. To attain the healthy monthly sales inside the span of two months of opening the store by increasing the regular daily sales modestly all through the year to $3000 per day of gross sales following extended promotions and discounts. The goal of the business is to attain a constant three-digit profit within the span of three years following the establishment of the store. The long-term goals of the owners is to ultimately expand the operations into the surrounding cities inside the span of three years (Schaper et al., 2014). Another long term goal of the company is to establish a long term market share of Pizzeria Store following five years of operations. Legal structure of business: The legal structure of the business will based on the partnership form with each member of the business will be contributing capital in respect of the ratio of capital contributed by him or her. The liability of the partners will have limited to the face value of the capital contributed by them (Storey, 2016). The partners will privately hold the company with majority of the shares being shared in equal ratio. The investors will be the co-owners to participate in the capital structure of the company at ratio of 50:50. The purpose of the legal structure of the business is to secure the financing for that amount. The funds that will be provided by the owners will be used to fund the potential interest in the company with important assumptions section of the plan. The owners of the business hold a decade long experience in the hotel industry. The company will be having assistant managers that will be recruited based on the qualifications. The initial team of management is reliant on the founders. As the company is currently small in nature, it needs a simple organizational structure. Implementing a management team of the organization calls for the owners to make all the major management decision in addition of monitoring all the other business activities (Ebert et al., 2014). The organizational structure will comprise of the director of the store when the location of the store is set up. The owners anticipate that the individual will deliver the best in the store management. This will help in creating a supervisory level amid the executive level and the store administration level. The present plan is to have the accounting and payroll functions, which will be completed by the in-house bookkeeping (Hammer, 2015). At the initial level the employees structure will comprise of the two cashiers, four chefs and two delivery boys per location with one of the each during the premises open hours. During the long run of the business as the business would expand their products category and retail outlets in the middle of the management to make sure that the focus of store work is maintained. Market analysis: Pizzeria Store discovers itself bordering amid the edge of the two different industries. Not only is the company competing against the other fast service restaurants in the city but also the pizza dynamo such as Dominos and Pizza hut (Hollensen, 2015). The industry of pizza is considered as the massive industry and a difficult industry to stay ahead however the Pizzeria Store cash cow is the pizza therefore the company is anticipating to excel in this field. The local area of Auckland is a well-developed market that is growing low to middle class area with more than one million residents. Around 200 business is close to the locations of the Pizzeria Store business. A large number of them are families based dining restaurant. The growth in this area is primarily due to the response of the new business and opportunities of employment in the citys local bay industrial park (Goworek McGoldrick, 2015). There are identical food service businesses in this area that have traditionally done well with this population and have proved their potential for a Take-out Pizza. With constant amount of growth in this industry, the opportunities of serving the local residents will increase. The customers on the other hand vary largely in terms of the demographic characteristics and choice of lifestyle. This will make somewhat difficult to target certain types of individuals however, product differentiated marketing strategies will be adopted to attract the customers from both inside and outside of the city (Armstrong et al., 2015). Positive outcome of the economic reflectors and hopeful increase in the consumers disposable income give rise to the anticipations that pizza market will be slight but steady growth for the industry. The recent economic reflectors offer a positive economic growth and anticipations are that the number of restaurants could approximately 300 locations in Auckland and may turn out to be the good year for the industry. Competitor Analysis: The proposed location of setting up the pizza store in the city of Auckland is occupied by the competitive restaurants, which would help in drawing the traffic of customers to the area. A large number of the food restaurants is comprising of predominantly in the casual theme including the fast food chain restaurants (Sheth Sisodia, 2015). The competitor analysis of the Pizzeria Store is complex because of the fact that it is identical industry of Pizza hut, Dominos and Papa Johns. This business comprises of the fast service pizza, concentrated restaurant such as Pizza, Papa and Dominos. The above stated three companies are the clear leaders in the pizza industry and being the seller of Pizza the company should rise to the occasion. It is noteworthy to denote that these competitors are not too easy to beat the pizza power however with differentiated product strategy the company can be more appealing than other eating pizza store available in the city. As the company is centrally located in the city of Auckland, which is the local bay area close to the industrial, bay Industrial centre (Keller Kotler, 2016). This is regarded as one of the busiest area in the town with the closest pizza is approximately thirty minutes of drive there are is a great chance of the business to excel in the pizza industry. Lower cost of operations and reasonable price of the product might result in profit of the company. Excellent service of pizza and on time delivery service would provide the business with competitive edge. The competition in the market is arena is considered to be fiercest in respect of the other metropolitan areas in the city. Auckland is the compact city and has lot to offer (Bresler Lubbe, 2014). The retailers operating in this industry does not want to lose the opportunity since the competitors are offering substitute product within the identical product categories. This phenomenon has made the business of pizza easy to attract customers because of the high amount of people strolling around in the main areas of Auckland. Strength and Weakness: Pizzeria Street would be having a valuable strength of inventory, which would make the company successful. Another strength lies in the location of the company with excellent quality of Italian pizza, which is presently not available in the local Bay area (Jooste Strydom, 2014). On the other hand, the experience of the management could be considered as the proven experience that will be successful in the management of the business. Another important factor that could be considered as the strength of the pizza street is the state of the art of the company along with the energy efficient preparation of pizza equipment and technology. The company is dedicated to the clear needs of the market and the business management clearly understand the needs of the customers that are familiar with the latest technology and the company can provide pizza service which would bring the two together. Strengths is considered to be valuable for the business however it is necessary for the company to realize the weaknesses surrounding the business as well. A weakness for the business that could be its cost factors that are involved in keeping the state of the art of equipment and technology (Ebert et al., 2014). Additionally, the business is new in the town and faces the challenge of start-up. On the other hand, the company faces limited capacity of operations during the peak sales periods. Opportunities and threats: Taking into the considerations the strength and being aware of the weaknesses, the company will be able to capitalize on the emerging opportunities. One of the opportunity of the business is the fastest growing population and the market of the local bay of Auckland. There is no other specialized pizza take-out and delivery restaurant within the span of 8 miles radius from the selected location of the store. Additionally, the area consists of the large number of middle to high-class population and more than five hundred business in the areas (Hammer, 2015). There is medium to low competition that is offered to the Pizzeria Street in the surrounding area. It is noteworthy to denote that consumer behaviour changes because of the economic downturn, respectively an increased preference to purchase affordable pizza rather than purchasing expensive meals. Threats surrounding the Pizzeria are as follows; Slow recovery procedure of the economy from the present economic downturn Changes in the environment of business may lower the cost of the sales Higher taxes in the future The commercial property is leased and it is not owned by the company Tighter terms of credit, higher rate of interest and higher rate of inflation rate than anticipated Pizzeria Street has wide range of product to offer and the company is trying to market itself as not only the seller of pizza but also the other products. At Pizzeria Street, the consumer will also be offered with food such as pasta, dessert, yoghurt and may pick many more from the great ambience (Goetsch Davis, 2014). These comprises of the famous chicken grill salad, sausage and meatballs along with the several more speciality. Pizzeria Street will be offering promotions to promote its product. Additionally, the company would be providing promo codes that would be going around the internet where customers can easily redeem for their purchase (Keller Kotler, 2016). Television is considered as the popular means of advertising and Pizzeria Street will be taking more advantage of it. As the rival companies such as dominos and papa jeans constantly promote their product through television advertisement, Pizzeria Street will include special cuisine along with the unique customer service. Pizzeria Street would be having its outlets located in the centre of the city with next pizza destination is around half an hour drive away or in other words, it is eight miles away from the intended business location. In order to expand, the company will be undertaking major investment in the long run to expand its franchise in the other parts of the city to promote its products and services (Jooste Strydom, 2014). Consumers loves Italian cuisine and even though a consumer does not have fond for Italian food will find something on the menu that would attract them to the store. Increasing costs makes it tough to plan for the pricing of the product for a new business. As people react negatively to the change in price in menus, franchises needs to be make smart decision. This is where Pizza Street needs to make differentiate. Reasonable, but taste intensive cuisine for the middle class family is what the company is required to understand. To reach the perfect pricing strategy six price variations across the numerous items listed in the menus were also tested. Therefore, the price appears to be reasonable and in line with the competitors. Action plan: The action plan is designed to meet the success of the pizza store. The below stated is the action plan for the business are as follows; Menu development: The action plan development in this context is to address the chef for developing a creativity of the menu based on the theme of the restaurant. The action plan of developing menu is to appeal the targeted customers. Cost and margins: This actions plan has been developed for chef to create the cost of each menu item and suggesting the retail price for the menu (Jeston Nelis, 2014). The action plan comprises of the selection of the vendors with the lowest price and constant quality to meet consumer experience. Quality and consistency: This action plan addresses the customers that comprises of maintaining quality and consistency of food. Supervision of employees and kitchen staff: The action plan addresses the employees and staff for coordinating the business and store by implementing extensive supervision. Compliance requirement: The governments for Pizzeria Street will typically require the internal compliance. Since the company is a partnership forms of business they are formed and enforced by the internal business owners. Document templates and compliance kits such as stock certificates seals the internal compliance requirement for business (Goetsch Davis, 2014). The four ways of promoting business compliance for Pizzeria Street are as follows: Audits and reviewing of business documents Risk analysis through management program Outlining of business continuity Password protection of computer related documents. Start-up Fund: Start-up Requirements Start-up Expenses Fixed Costs Particulars Amount Premises (RENT RATES) 3000.00 Wages 10000.00 Interest on loan 8% 2000.00 Accountant Fees 2500.00 Payroll Tax 2500.00 Gasoline and Oil 750.00 Utilities 3000.00 Sales and Marketing 725.00 Postage Telephone 550.00 Repairs and Maintenance 250.00 Website Development Expenses 1500.00 General Expenses 950.00 Market survey 450.00 Preliminary expenses 250.00 Lease payments 1750.00 Total Fixed Costs 30175.00 Average Monthly Costs Rent 250.00 Lease payments 145.83 Interest on loan 8% 166.67 Postage Telephone 45.83 Repairs and Maintenance 20.83 Gasoline and Oil 62.50 Salaries / Wages 833.33 Total Average Monthly Costs 1525.00 x Number of Months: 12.00 Total Monthly Costs 18300.00 Total Start-up Expenses 48475.00 Start-up Assets Owner Funding Owners Fund 75000.00 Total Owner Funding 75000.00 Total Start up Funds 75000.00 Assets Computers 5000.00 Vehicles 7500.00 Equipments 4500.00 Furniture Fixtures 7500.00 Total Fixed Assets 24500.00 Total Start-up Assets 99500.00 Promotional Budget: INCOME Budget Sales Sales - Qtr 1 31,250 Sales - Qtr 2 31,250 Sales - Qtr 3 31,250 Sales - Qtr 4 31,250 Other Total Sales 1,25,000 Cost of Goods 45,000 Cost of Goods Sold 45,000 Gross Profit 80,000 Non-Operating Income Interest Income Nil Rental Income Nil Total Non-Operating Income - Total INCOME 80,000 EXPENSES Operating Expenses Premises (RENT RATES) 3,000 Wages Salaries 10,000 Accountant Fees 2,500 Payroll Tax 2,500 Administrative Expenditure 750 Utilities 3,000 Sales and Marketing Expenses 725 Postage Telephone 550 Repairs and Maintenance 250 Website Development Expenses 1,500 General Expenses 950 Interest Expenses 2,000 Market survey 450 Preliminary expenses 250 Insurance 500 Advertisement 1,250 Lease payments 1,750 Total Operating Expenses 31,925 Non-Recurring Expenses Computers 5,000 Vehicles 7,500 Equipments 4,500 Furniture Fixtures 7,500 Total Non-Recurring Expenses 24,500 Total EXPENSES 56,425 Net Income Before Taxes 23,575 Income Tax Expense 13,350 NET INCOME 10,225 Sales Forecast: (1) SALES FORECAST Year 0 Year- 1 Projected Sales 1,25,000 (b) Cost of goods 45,000 Sales Sales - Qtr 1 31,250 Sales - Qtr 2 31,250 Sales - Qtr 3 31,250 Sales - Qtr 4 31,250 Other Total Sales 1,25,000 Figure 3: Figure illustrating Sales for each Quarter (Source: As Created by Author) Reference List: Armstrong, G., Kotler, P., Harker, M., Brennan, R. (2015).Marketing: an introduction. Pearson Education. Bresler, M., Lubbe, I. (2014). Marketing management. Deegan, C. (2013).Financial accounting theory. McGraw-Hill Education Australia. Drucker, P. (2014).Innovation and entrepreneurship. Routledge. Ebert, R. J., Griffin, R. W., Starke, F. A., Dracopoulos, G. (2014).Business essentials. Pearson Education Canada. Edwards, J. R. (2013).A History of Financial Accounting (RLE Accounting)(Vol. 29). Routledge. Goetsch, D. L., Davis, S. B. (2014).Quality management for organizational excellence. Upper Saddle River, NJ: pearson. Goworek, H., McGoldrick, P. (2015).Retail marketing management: Principles and practice. Pearson Higher Ed. Hammer, M. (2015). What is business process management?. InHandbook on Business Process Management 1(pp. 3-16). Springer Berlin Heidelberg. Hollensen, S. (2015).Marketing management: A relationship approach. Pearson Education. Hoskin, R. E., Fizzell, M. R., Cherry, D. C. (2014).Financial Accounting: a user perspective. Wiley Global Education. Jeston, J., Nelis, J. (2014).Business process management. Routledge. Jooste, C., Strydom, J. W. (2014). Marketing management. Keller, K. L., Kotler, P. (2016).Marketing management. Pearson. Kirzner, I. M. (2015).Competition and entrepreneurship. University of Chicago press. Kuratko, D. F. (2016).Entrepreneurship: Theory, process, and practice. Cengage Learning. Schaper, M. T., Volery, T., Weber, P. C., Gibson, B. (2014).Entrepreneurship and small business. Sheth, J. N., Sisodia, R. S. (2015).Does marketing need reform?: Fresh perspectives on the future. Routledge. Storey, D. J. (Ed.). (2016).Entrepreneurship and new firm. Routledge. Williams, J. (2014).Financial accounting. McGraw-Hill Higher Education.

How to Choose a Page Essay Sample

How to Choose a Page Essay SampleThe page essay is a type of essay that is designed to be used in high school or college and is written on a single page and usually has no illustrations or charts. They are also known as letter essays, but this is not an official word that will be used when looking for an essay.The problem with using the term essay for this essay is that there is another type of essay that is considered an essay. This essay is commonly referred to as a thesis or dissertation. Therefore the essay on the single page is considered a 'page essay' and should be identified as such.There are some advantages to writing a page essay. You are able to use the information that you learn while completing this project and use it later on. This is an excellent option for people who do not have the time to spend five hours per week writing their own paper and who need to write a paper for a test. It also allows them to give a personal essay that is unique to them.Writing a page essay is also considered by many people to be more original than their regular essay. There are actually people who submit their assignments as a way to have a more original and interesting paper to give to teachers.They do this because they feel that most research papers contain a lot of information that was already covered in other research papers that were written before them. These are essentially copies of other research papers and it is because of this that they feel that they should get credit for their work.Even though there are a lot of advantages to using this type of paper, there are also some disadvantages to doing so. One of the most important advantages to a person using this type of paper is that they can complete the paper in a very short amount of time. Because of this they can use it in a way that no other type of paper would be able to be used. Another thing that people need to be aware of is that this is a very specific type of paper that must have a specific layout a nd fonts. For example, there are certain instructions that need to be followed when working with this type of paper that would not be appropriate for other types of papers.The benefits and disadvantages are just a few of the things that you should consider when looking for an essay sample. Use the tips that we have given you will be able to choose a paper that will be used in your classroom for a long time to come.